Cost of hiring by state · 2026

Payroll tax and hiring cost, all 51 jurisdictions

Employer unemployment-insurance rates and wage bases vary widely by state, and they move the cost of a W-2 hire by thousands of dollars a year. Sort the table, or open any state for a pre-filled calculator and its misclassification rules.

51
States + DC
2.07%
Avg new-employer SUI
SC 0.35%
Lowest SUI rate
NY 4.1%
Highest SUI rate
New-employer payroll-tax rates for all 50 states and DC, sortable
Income tax
Alabama2.7%$8,000Yes
Alaska1%$51,700None
Arizona2%$8,000Yes
Arkansas2%$7,000Yes
California3.4%$7,000Yes
Colorado1.7%$27,200Yes
Connecticut2.2%$26,100Yes
Delaware1%$12,500Yes
District of Columbia2.7%$9,000Yes
Florida2.7%$7,000None
Georgia2.7%$9,500Yes
Hawaii2.4%$62,000Yes
Idaho1%$55,300Yes
Illinois3.65%$13,916Yes
Indiana2.5%$9,500Yes
Iowa1%$39,500Yes
Kansas2.7%$14,000Yes
Kentucky2.7%$11,700Yes
Louisiana1.75%$7,700Yes
Maine2.54%$12,000Yes
Maryland2.6%$8,500Yes
Massachusetts2.13%$15,000Yes
Michigan2.7%$9,000Yes
Minnesota1%$43,000Yes
Mississippi1.2%$14,000Yes
Missouri2.38%$9,500Yes
Montana1%$45,100Yes
Nebraska1.25%$9,000Yes
Nevada3%$41,800None
New Hampshire1.7%$14,000None
New Jersey2.8%$43,300Yes
New Mexico1%$33,200Yes
New York4.1%$12,800Yes
North Carolina1%$32,600Yes
North Dakota1.03%$45,100Yes
Ohio2.7%$9,000Yes
Oklahoma1.5%$28,200Yes
Oregon2.4%$54,300Yes
Pennsylvania3.82%$10,000Yes
Rhode Island1.21%$29,800Yes
South Carolina0.35%$14,000Yes
South Dakota1.2%$15,000None
Tennessee2.7%$7,000None
Texas2.7%$9,000None
Utah1%$48,900Yes
Vermont1%$14,800Yes
Virginia2.5%$8,000Yes
Washington1%$72,800None
West Virginia2.7%$9,500Yes
Wisconsin3.25%$14,000Yes
Wyoming2.35%$32,400None

New-employer SUI rates · national average wage base $22,573 · Source: IRS Pub 15 + state unemployment agencies · 2026

How to read these numbers

The SUI rate is the new-employer state unemployment insurance rate — what a business pays on its first hires before it has a claims history. The wage basecaps the wages that rate applies to, so a high rate on a low base can cost less than a low rate on a high base. Nine states levy no income tax on wages, which makes a W-2 paycheck go further for the employee without changing the employer's payroll-tax bill. Open any state to model a specific salary and compare it against a 1099 contract.